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| UDK 616.13-004-02 | ISSN 0350-2899, 32(2007) br.4 p.170-175 | ||||||||||
| Review Endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosisZoran Čeperković (1), Aleksandar Pejčić (2) |
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| Summary: The development of atherosclerosis begins with the damage of endothel that can be caused by physical, toxic, infectious and immunological factors that result in the activation or damage of endothelial cells. Vascular endothel plays a key role in the maintenance of homeostasis in the cardiovascular system and its dysfunction plays an initial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Vascular endothel, that is functionally and structurally intact, keeps dynamical balance of endothelial relaxing and contractile factors. Endothel plays a protective role in the physiological environment. Dysfunctional endothel loses its protective function and there is no endothelial modulatory response. In that case, the expression of different adhesion molecules and binding of different forms of leukocytes is possible which makes a basis for the development of later stages of atherosclerosis. Chronic hyperlipidemia, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, increased level of homocysteine in blood, infectious agents can change the normal, physiological model of endothelial behaviour. In different diseases, the mechanism of development of endothelial dysfunction is complicated and accompanied by the presence and participation of certain factors. Most factors are risk factors that result in the increased oxidative stress which is the result of free radicals appearance through several metabolic processes. Low density lipoproteins (LDL) and the products of their oxidation initiate the process of atherosclerosis, while the increased level of total cholesterol and LDL represent important factors for the development of atherosclerosis. LDL modified by oxidation plays the most important part in the initiation of endothelial dysfunction and the damage of endothelial and smooth muscle cells in the vascular wall. Because of that, modified LDL is the central factor in atherogenesis. Key words: endothelial disfunction, atherosclerosis, risk factors, low density lipoproteins, oxidative stress Napomena: kompletan tekst na srpskom jeziku Note: full text in Serbian |
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Corresponding Address: Zoran Čeperković Interno odeljenje Vrnjačka Banja 1, Gočka br 7, 36210 Vrnjačka Banja e-mail: hоlidey7777@ptt.yu Paper received: 23.10.2007 Paper accepted: 14.12.2007 Published online: 24.04.2007 |
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| Infotrend Crea(c)tive Design | |||||||||||
