Ovarian cancer - forthcoming disease

Ljubica Milošević(1), Tihomir Kostić(2), Dragoslav Kalinović(1), Jasmina Diković(3)
HEALTH CENTER ZAJEČAR (1)GYNAECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS WARD, (2)SURGERY WARD, (3)ANAESTHEOLOGY & REANIMATION WARD

INTRODUCTION

The most common type of peculiarities on the ovary are tumours – benign or malign (1). The ovary cancers are the third most frequent (2), third only to the cancer of the cervix and endometrium, with tendency to become more frequent (3). A yearly incidence in the word is 5 to 10 out of 100.000 women (4). In our region, this disease has the morbidity incidence of 1.3 – 12 out of 100.000 women and the mortality rate of 0.7 – 8.6 out of 100.000 women, being in constant increase (5, 6). Out of all malignity cases at women, 20 – 26% are in the reproductive female organs, out of which 5% are the ovary cancer (7). The tendency of increase occurs in the menopause period.
Surveying the Operation Records and the Anamneses on the Gynaecology & Obstetrics Service and the Surgery Service of the Health Centre in Zajecar, it was retroactively analyzed the period of time from the year 1990 to the year 2006. It was found out that, in the period of time from 1990 to 1999, 46 women were operated, out of whom 6 (13.04%) in the FIGO I stage, and 40 (86.96%) in the FIGO II stage and later in the disease. In the second analyzed period from the year 2000 to 2006, 56 women having the ovary cancer were operated, out of whom 2 (3.57%) in the FIGO I stage, while 54 (96.43%) in the FIGO II stage and later. In the last decade of 20th century, 4.6 women were operated in a year, while in the first seven years of the 21st century, 8 women a year.
METHOD OF WORK

It was retrospectively followed the period from the year 1990 to 2006 at the Gynaecology & Obstetrics Service and the Surgery Service of the Health Centre in Zajecar. The following parameters were observed: preoperative diagnosis, post-operative diagnosis, HP finding, the patient's age, and the FIGO classification.
 

DISCUSSION

Because of the wide anatomic origin of the cells, found in the ovary epithelium and stroma, and being omnipotent, there are many types of the ovary cancer. Late diagnosis, causing poor results of treatment, imposes the imperative for pursuing the way for early diagnosis of this disease. Today, however, there are still no possibilities for real screening diagnosis. The tumour markers, specific for the ovary, that are used today, do not have practical application in the early phase of the disease (3), as well as the US vagina examination (including the colour Doppler of the ovary blood vessels) and the bimanual gynaecological examination (8). In 70% of the cases in the world (9. 10) and in 75% in Serbia (7), the disease is diagnosed when there have been developed the intra-abdominal metastasis..


Diagram 1. Patient distribution in different FIGO stadium
 

Table 2. Post-operative diagnoses

Table 3. HP diagnoses

Table 4. Operated women per age

CONCLUSION

Concerning the state in our country, the frequency rate of this disease is in increase (4). Surveying the Operation Records and the Anamnesis on the Gynaecology & Obstetrics Service and the Surgery Service of the Health Center in Zajecar, it was retroactively analyzed the period of time from the year 1990 to the year 2006. It was found out that, in the period of time from 1990 to 1999, 46 women were operated, out of whom 6 (13.04%) in the FIGO I stage, and 40 (86.96%) in the FIGO II stage and later in the disease. In the second analyzed period from the year 2000 to 2006, 56 women having the ovary cancer were operated, out of whom 2 (3.57%) in the FIGO I stage, while 54 (96.43%) in the FIGO II stage and later. In the last decade of 20th century, 4.6 women were operated in a year, while in the first seven years of the 21st century, 8 women a year. The spread of this disease is, compared to the cervix and endometrium cancer exceptionally fast. That is why the diagnosing of this disease is in 75% cases and more occurs in the late stage. The number of diagnosed and HP confirmed ovary cancer in the last decade of 20th century is less than the firs seven years of 21st century, proving the fact that the ovary cancer disease is in increase.
 

REFERENCES

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